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本帖最后由 wugui 于 2014-1-22 20:31 编辑
原网址 http://www.euphorbia-international.org/euphorbias/cultivation/images/seed.htm（这个网站是国际大戟协会的）
Producing, harvesting and sowing seed
As euphorbia seeds have a limited shelf-life, they are rarely offered commercially.
Pollination can be achieved using a brush with fine hair, and transferring the ripe pollen from one cyathium (flower) to the stigma of that of another plant. Be sure to clean the brush thoroughly after use to avoid unexpected hybrids! Another way is to remove ripe stamens using fine tweezers and using them immediately to effect a pollination.
繁殖、收获和播种
大戟科植物的种子通常只有很短的贮藏寿命，所以很少会有商业出售。
授粉可以使用毛刷，将成熟的花粉从一个杯状聚伞花序（花朵）转移至另一朵花的柱头上。授粉后应彻底的弄干净刷子来避免出现不想要的杂交品种。另一种方法是将成熟的雄蕊用镊子摘下并立刻用它们去授粉。
Pollination of Euphorbia bupleurifolia
给铁甲丸授粉
从雄花上取花粉将花粉沾到柱头上用镊子
Harvesting seeds presents a problem. The fruits of euphorbias are hard, woody capsules, made up of three segments, each containing a relatively large seed. When the capsule ripens, it explodes and scatters the seeds over amazing distances. A tried and tested method is to put a cotton pad around the ripening capsule and so prevent the seed from flying away. Nylon stockings can be used in the same way. In the case of particularly valuable seed, the whole plant can be enclosed in thin gauze or nylon.
收获种子会有些困难。大戟科植物的种子是坚硬、木质化的种夹，由三部分组成，每个腔都有一粒较大的种子。当种夹成熟后，它会爆裂并将种子散落到很远的距离。一个可尝试的方法是将一个棉花垫包绕着种夹来防止飞溅太远。同样也可以使用尼龙袜。对于一些特别珍稀的种子，整棵植株都可以用薄纱布或尼龙包起来。
Seed capsules
种夹
A convenient and safer method to save the seed is to apply a thin layer of glue to the already ripened capsules to prevent them bursting open. Fully dried capsules can sometimes be collected whole and opened carefully from the base.
一种更安全和方便的留种方法是在成熟的种夹上薄薄的涂一层胶水，防止种夹突然爆裂。等种夹彻底干透时就可以完整的取下，并从底部剥开。
Applying a glue layer
胶水涂层
Containers suitable for sowing are above all shallow plastic pots or trays as they do not dry out so quickly and can easily be cleaned and disinfected. The sowing medium should be light and poorer in nutrients than normal commercial plant compost. A mineral soil can also be used, such as fine to medium grade sand to which can be added a little finely sifted peat. The soil should be thoroughly wetted by standing the containers in water.
播种的容器可以用任何浅的塑料盆或托盘，这样土不会立刻变干而且容易清洗和消毒。播种基质应选用和普通培养土相比质更轻养分含量较少的。沙土也可以拿来使用，比方说中等大小的沙粒中加上一些筛过的细泥炭。之后应将播种容器放水里彻底的把盆土浸湿。
As conditions in the containers are also favourable for fungus growth, sterilisation of the soil is recommended (about 20 minutes in an oven at 120 °C with the soil evenly spread on a sheet). The soil can also be disinfected with a fungicide such as Chinosol, but please read the directions carefully or the tender seedlings may be damaged as they germinate.
因为盆内的播种条件也适合真菌的生长，建议应将盆土灭菌（将土壤平铺成一薄层，放到炉子里120摄氏度加热20分钟）。土壤也可以用灭真菌药来消毒比如说羟基喹啉，但使用前最好按照说明书使用，否则会影响种子发芽。
播种土壤中的真菌
Sow the seeds evenly and not too thickly on the surface of the soil, press lightly and cover with a very thin layer of soil or sand no more than twice the thickness of the seeds.
将种子均匀的洒在土壤的表层，轻压并用一薄层土或沙子覆盖，覆土应小于种子直径的两倍高。
During the period of germination, always keep the soil moist as letting the soil dry even once can result in heavy losses. It can be helpful to cover the trays with a transparent plastic dome or cling film。
在发芽期间。要一直保持土壤的湿润，就算是让土彻底干一次也会造成巨大的损失。比较好的方法是将播种盘用透明塑料膜或胶带覆盖。
The temperature at night should not go below 18 °C, although by day it can rise as high as 40 °C. 25 °C is ideal. Basically higher temperatures bring faster germination, but full sun should be avoided to prevent the young seedlings scorching.
夜晚温度不能低于18摄氏度，尽管白天温度提到40摄氏度也可以，但最好维持在25摄氏度。总的来说就是高温可以加速发芽，应该避免直射的阳光否则会灼伤幼苗。
The short viability of euphorbia seeds should be noted. The percentage germination can fall to 50% after only a few weeks. In general seed needs to be dry and stored at 5 °C in air and water proof containers. Dampness or higher temperatures cause the viability to decline more quickly.
应该注意大戟的种子只能维持很短时间的活性。成熟后仅几周内发芽率就会降到50%。通常种子应该干燥并放到防水容器内5摄氏度贮藏，潮湿和高温会更快的降低种子活性。
As rainfall is irregular in habitat, not all seed germinates at the same time to ensure some seedlings survive. Germination tends to occur in waves, for example after one week, 8 weeks and 15 weeks. Furthermore, the germination period also varies from species to species.
因为在产地的降雨并不规律，为了使种子存活所以种子并不会同时发芽。种子发芽通常是一拨一拨的，例如说会在一周后、8周后或15周后发芽。进一步来讲，这种发芽周期会随品种不同而变化。
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发表于 2014-1-22 19:46
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